Mohs hardness is a standard for measuring the hardness of minerals. The application of scratch method to scratch the surface of the tested mineral with a pyramid shaped diamond drill needle results in scratches. Traditionally, Mohs hardness is used in mineralogy or gemology.

Use the measured scratch depth to represent hardness in ten levels: talc(talc)1(Minimum hardness), gypsum(gypsum)2, Calcite(calcite)3, fluorite(fluorite)4, apatite(apatite)5Orthoclase(feldspar;orthoclase;periclase)6, quartz(quartz)7Huang Yu(topaz)8, corundum(corundum)9, Diamond(diamond)10.

The hardness value is not an absolute hardness value, but a value expressed in the order of hardness.

Moss（F. Mons）Named after its establishment, it proposed to determine the relative hardness of minerals10Standard minerals. Divided from small to large10Grade: Talc1, gypsum2, Calcite3, fluorite4, apatite5Orthoclase6, quartz7Huang Yu8, corundum9, Diamond10.

Compare and determine hardness through engraving during application. If a mineral can scratch calcite but not fluorite, then its Mohs hardness is3～4, and so on. Mohs hardness is only a relative hardness, which is relatively rough. Although the hardness of talc is1Diamond is10Corundum is9However, according to the absolute hardness measured by a microhardness tester, diamond is talc4192Double, corundum is made of talc442Twice. Mohs hardness is easy to apply and is often used in field operations.

The Mohs hardness table was developed in AD1812Year by year by German mineralogistFrederich Mohs (1773-1839)Propose that the higher the hardness value, the harder it becomes. These hardness values are determined through mutual grinding and are in a relative relationship, not in a linear proportion(I can't say hardness6Compared to hardness2The hard3times)Except for the ones originally listed1~10We have also collected hardness values of other common items for reference, including minerals

1 talc(Talc)Graphite(Graphite)Talc is the softest known mineral and is commonly used in various applications.

1.5 skin(skin),natural

2 plaster(Gypsum)Widely used industrial materials

2~3ice cube(ice)

2.5 nail(nail)Amber(Amber)Ivory(Ivory)

2.5 ~ 3gold(pure gold)Silver(silver)aluminium(aluminium)Gold and silver are commonly used in jewelry, while aluminum is commonly used in industrial applications. At least the gold that needs to be knownKGold, platinum

3 calcite(Calcite)Copper(copper)Pearl(Pearl)Calcite can be used as a carving material and is also an important raw material for many industries. Copper was first used for decoration, and is also commonly used in alloy making and as a transmission medium in the electronics industry.

3.5 shell(shell)

4 fluorite(Fluorite)Also known as fluorite, it can be used as a carving material and is commonly used in metallurgy, chemical industry, and building materials industry.

4 ~ 4.5platinum(Platinum)Rare metals are also the hardest among precious metals. Platinum is commonly used in military industry or jewelry processing. At least the gold that needs to be knownKGold, platinum

4 ~ 5iron(Iron)Commonly used in steelmaking and other industrial applications.

5 apatite(Apatite)Phosphorus is an important component of biological cytoplasm, commonly used in feed and fertilizer industries, and is also an important chemical raw material.

5.5 glass(glass)Stainless steel(stainless steel)Craft Fashion Material Decoding - Stainless Steel(Stainless steel)

6 orthoclase(Orthoclase)TheTanzaniteDanquan Stone (Tansan Stone))Pure titanium orthoclase can be used as a raw material for ceramics, glass, ceramics, and the production of potassium fertilizers.

6 ~ 7tooth(Outer layer of dental crown)The main component is hydroxyapatite.

6 ~ 6.5Nephrite-Hetian jade from Xinjiang

6.5 pyrite(Iron pyrite)Raw material sources, extraction of gold, medicinal use, etc.

6.5 ~ 7Hard jade-Burmese jade or emerald

7 quartz(Quartz), amethyst(Amethyst)It is the main raw material for common refractory materials and glass.

7.5 tourmaline(Tourmaline)Zircon, zircon(Zircon)Commonly used in jewelry applications

8 topaz(Topaz)Colorful diamonds commonly encountered in jewelry applications by chance

8.5 Golden beryl(Chrysoberyl)Commonly used in jewelry applications

9 corundum(Corudum)Chromium, tungsten steel jewelry, abrasives, etc. Common natural gemstones such as ruby and sapphire are all corundum; Artificial gemstone 'Sapphire Crystal'(You can refer to this explanation on the website)Its hardness is also the same as that of corundum grade. Decoding of Craftsmanship, Fashion, and Materials-Sapphire crystal glass

9.25 Mozambique gemstone(Moissanite)Artificial gemstone, with a brightness equivalent to diamond2.5Double, but the price is about1/10

10 diamond(Diamond)The hardest natural gemstone on Earth, commonly used in jewelry applications. A colored diamond that happened to meet by chance

greater than10 Aggregated diamond nanorods(aggregated diamond nanorod, ADNR)German scientists2005We have developed materials that are harder than diamonds and have broad industrial application prospects.